10 things to know about Madam Efunroye Tinubu, the powerful slave trader and kingmaker
Madam Efunroye Tinubu is a remarkable figure in Nigerian history, renowned for her influential role as a business mogul, political leader, and staunch opponent of colonial rule.
Born in the late 18th century, she navigated a male-dominated society and emerged as a powerful woman in Yoruba land.
Her life and legacy are emblematic of the resilience and resourcefulness that characterized many women of her time.
Here are more things to know about her:
Business Mogul
Madam Efunroye Tinubu built a formidable business empire in Badagry, dealing in tobacco, salt, and slaves. She leveraged connections with prominent figures like Oba Adele to expand her trade.
Political Influence
Tinubu had substantial influence in the Yoruba political landscape. She played a key role in elevating her brother-in-law, Akitoye, to the throne, showing her power in palace politics.
Commercial Concessions
In 1851, under Oba Akitoye’s reign, Tinubu was granted favorable commercial concessions, allowing her to continue trading in slaves for guns with Brazilian and Portuguese traders.
Land Ownership
She acquired significant land from Akitoye, which includes what is now known as Tinubu Square and Kakawa Street in Lagos. This further solidified her status and influence in the region.
Resistance to Colonial Rule
Tinubu was a fierce opponent of colonial policies in Lagos, being one of the first women to actively resist British rule during the colonial period, showcasing her commitment to her people’s autonomy.
Military Authority
Under the reign of Dosunmu, she commanded a substantial security force, which was composed of slaves. She held considerable military authority and sometimes executed orders directly on behalf of the king.
Expulsion from Lagos
In 1856, her nationalistic actions led to tensions with the British Consul, Benjamin Campbell, who instigated her expulsion from Lagos. She relocated to Abeokuta, where she continued her influential role.
Iyalode Title
After contributing to the defense of Abeokuta during the Dahomey invasion in 1863, she was honored with the title of Iyalode (first lady) in 1864, granting her a powerful voice in Egba affairs.
Diverse Trade Activities
Following the ban on the slave trade, Tinubu shifted her business focus towards internal trade, dealing in goods like palm oil, pepper, and tobacco, and became a leading middleman in Lagos.
Legacy and Death
Madam Efunroye Tinubu passed away in 1887. Tinubu Square in Lagos is named in her honor, and she was buried in Ojokodo Quarters in Abeokuta, ensuring her legacy continues to be recognized in Nigerian history.
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